Translate this Blog

Traduisez , Übersetzen Sie, Traduca , Traduza , Traduzca , 翻訳しなさい , 번역하다 , 翻译 , يترجم

Sunday, November 30, 2008

Signs Of An Attempted Coup In New Delhi

With a traumatized nation and a paralyzed government, a core group of secular ideologues and Hindu nationalists are executing a 'soft coup' in New Delhi to bring to power hawks who want to pursue America's agenda of grooming India as a regional policeman, sort out Pakistan and confront China. India will self-destroy in the process. India's military and intelligence has been penetrated. The man who uncovered the plot, Hemant Karkare, the antiterrorism chief of Mumbai police, was the first target of the mysterious terrorists. Patriotic Indians need to wake up and save their country.


ISLAMABAD, Pakistan—Preliminary signs emerging from India's power center, New Delhi, paint a picture of an unstable situation. Security is already compromised. But a bigger story is taking place in New Delhi, not Mumbai. There are disturbing signs that India, a nuclear-armed nation of a billion people, is witnessing a 'soft coup' attempt involving secular rightwing ideologues and Hindu nationalists.

Exploiting the fears of a traumatized nation and a government caught sleeping at the wheel, a core group of rightwing ideologues within India's military, intelligence and political elite are trying to overthrow Manmohan Singh's government. The plan apparently is to help the rise of rightwing elements in power and firmly push India in a confrontation with Pakistan and some other countries in the region.

The objective of this core group is to see India emerge as a superpower closely allied with the United States. They are excited about American plans for India as a regional policeman and have no problem in confronting China and Pakistan to achieve this status. They think time is slipping and they don't want a hesitant political leadership in their way. Already the instability in the wake of Mumbai attacks is being exploited to start a war with Pakistan. The fact that this will also help U.S. military that is facing a tough time in Afghanistan appears to be more than just a coincidence.

In the very first hours of the Mumbai attack, the unknown terrorists were able to achieve a singular feat: the targeted murder of Hemant Karkare, the chief antiterrorism officer in the Indian police. The man was responsible for exposing the secret links between the Indian military and Hindu terror groups. His investigation resulted in uncovering the involvement of three Indian military intelligence officers in terrorist acts that were blamed on Muslim groups. At the time of his murder, Karkare was pursuing leads that were supposed to uncover the depth of the nexus between the Indian military and the sudden rise of well armed and well financed Hindu terrorism groups with their wide network of militant training camps across India.

Curiously, a CCTV camera has caught on tape one of the unknown terrorists when he arrived with his group at their first target: a train station. The man, dressed in a jeans and a black T-shirt and carrying a machine gun [see picture below], is wearing an orange-colored wrist band very common among religious Hindus. As a comparison, a recent picture of a Hindu militant activist taken during an event this year is shown to the right where the militant is wearing a similar band.

Pic 1, a CCTV snapshot of one of the Mumbai terrorists, wearing the sacred Hindu armband and carrying a machine gun.


Pic 2, a picture of a typical member of Hindu terror groups, wearing the same armband. The band is sacred to fundamentalist Hindus who believe wearing it shows devotion and brings good luck from gods.


An aggressive advertisement campaign has already begun across India urging a scared population to rise against the government.

On Friday, front-page advertisements appeared in several newspapers in Delhi showing blood splattered against a black background and the slogan
"Brutal Terror Strikes At Will" in bold capital letters. The ads signed off with a simple message: "Fight Terror. Vote B.J.P."

The Indian, the Pakistani and the international media has not woken up yet to this 'soft coup' taking place in New Delhi. Some observers and journalists are beginning to catch its first signs.

This is how a New York Times reporter, Somini Sengupta, has characterized it today:

"Mr. Singh's government had lately hit back at the Bharatiya Janata Party with evidence that its supporters, belonging to a range of radical Hindu organizations, had … been implicated in terrorist attacks. Indeed, in a bizarre twist, the head of the police antiterrorism unit, Hemant Karkare, killed in the Mumbai strikes, had been in the midst of a high-profile investigation of a suspected Hindu terrorist cell. Mr. Karkare's inquiry had netted nine suspects in connection with a bombing in September of a Muslim-majority area in Malegaon, a small town not far from Mumbai. "

Evidence is emerging that Karkare knew he was facing the prospect of a violent death because of the investigation he was pursuing. What Karkare probably didn't know is that his elimination would come in such a perfectly executed operation.

Only hours before Karkare's violent death, his close friend, retired Colonel Rahul Gowardhan, received an envelope. Karkare called him to say he was sending him a confidential letter. This is how Times of India has reported the story:


Just some hours before that, Karkare had sent a letter to him in an envelop which had some "personal" content. "Hemant had called me up on Wednesday," said Gowardhan, a top official with MSEDCL. "As I was in a meeting, we decided to postpone the talk. He hung up saying he would be sending me an envelope. When I wanted to know the content, he told me to just read the letter that's inside it. I returned home and read it. I cannot share the content of the letter with anyone," said Gowardhan.

The highly sophisticated nature of the attack in Mumbai, lasting for almost 60 hours, diminishes the chances of a foreign invasion and increases the possibility that influential elements in Indian intelligence and Hindu militant organizations might have helped orchestrate this incident, pretty much like they did in the Sept. 29 Malegaon attack, in which they tried to simulate a Muslim terrorist group. In that attack, in which three Indian military intelligence officers have been arrested, the objective was to provoke a Muslim backlash that could justify a massive state crackdown against minorities.

Observers are already seeing how the hawks within the Indian establishment and Hindu militant organizations have seized the initiative from a paralyzed government. The Indian army and intelligence are already penetrated. Now the real culprits are channeling the fears of a traumatized people toward Pakistan.

India is on the same path today that the Bush administration hawks took the American nation on after 9/11. But this time, patriotic Indians have the benefit of hindsight. They should stop the secular warmongers and Hindu militants from hijacking their country. The future of the entire region depends on it.

By AHMED QURAISHI

Saturday, 29 November 2008.

© 2007-2008. All rights reserved. Ahmed Qureshi & PakNationalists

Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article is permitted in any medium

without royalty provided this notice is preserved.

Please also read: Coincidence : ATS Chief & Army Officer

Don't forget to post a comment

Do NOT underestimate the power of your comment

If you liked this post, Dont forget to BOOKMARK it for others as well. Please CLICK your favorite SOCIAL BOOKMARKING ELEMENT:

StumpleUpon Ma.gnolia DiggIt! Del.icio.us Blinklist Yahoo Furl Technorati Simpy Spurl Reddit Google

MOSSAD STRIKES… THIS TIME IN MUMBAI

By Brother Nathanael Kapner
Real Jew News

THE ANTI DEFAMATION LEAGUE
expressed outrage at the Mumbai 'terrorist' attacks that "targeted innocent victims because they were Jews." Abraham Foxman, ADL Director, issued the following statement:


"This brutal attack once again shows that terrorists single out Jews. The attack is a reminder that the world must stand up against all terrorism, because in the end no one is safe until terrorism is combated in all its manifestations."
View Entire Story
Here.

Well of course Jews like Foxman use the Mumbai incident as an opportunity to promote the 'war on terror.'

Once again, Muslims are made the 'enemies' of all mankind, rather than the Zionist Jews, who are engaged in ethnic cleansing of Arab Muslims & Christians in Palestine and responsible for worldwide chaos since the inception of their rogue state of Israel.

Also - the 'terrorist' attacks in Mumbai will be used by Zionist Jews as justification for a US invasion of Pakistan, yet another 'enemy' of Israel.


The Mumbai operation was too sophisticated for the alleged Deccan Mujahideen to carry out, which, according to the FBI, "e-mailed news organizations on Thursday claiming it had carried out the attacks." (Great proof, you sleuths!)

The initial firing began at the Chabad/Nariman House, an easy access for Mossad operatives. Hindus of the Nariman area spoke live on several TV channels saying that for two years suspicious activities were taking place in the Chabad/Nariman House, raising concern regarding Israel's involvement in the Hindutva Revolution, the current opposition government.



MOSSAD ACTIVITY IN INDIA

ISRAELI COUNTER-TERRORISM ASSISTANCE
has mobilized since 2000 in the Jammu and Kashmir areas of India, where the Indian government has been pursuing a 'security' issue with regard to the Kashmiri people. In 2000, The Times Of India reported on the Israeli presence in India:


"Israeli counter-terrorism experts are now touring Jammu and Kashmir and several other states in India at the invitation of Home Minister Lal Krishna Advani to make an assessment of New Delhi's security needs.

The Israeli team, headed by Eli Katzir of the Israel Counter-Terrorism Combat Unit, includes Israeli military intelligence officials and a senior police official."
View Entire Story Here.

The Israelis were asked to determine the areas in which Israel could offer assistance to help reduce the incidence of terrorist incursions into Jammu and Kashmir from Pakistan. It was agreed that Israeli assistance would include "information transfers, instruction in operational methods, and the sale of equipment."


Home Minister Advani already visited Israel in June 2000 and advocated for "closer India-Israeli cooperation on all security matters." Much of his time in Israel was spent learning about counter-terrorism techniques from the heads of the Mossad. View Entire Story
Here.

The Jewish-controlled media has been spewing the lie that a massive intelligence failure by Indian security agencies occurred — despite reports that Indian authorities had been aware of rumors of an impending attack, including even the mention of the Taj Mahal Hotel.

********************************************

I SMELL A RAT
&
THAT RAT SMELLS LIKE THE MOSSAD
DOING THEIR DIRTY WORK NOW IN MUMBAI

********************************************

Mossad increases its control of India

By: http://aangirfan.blogspot.com/

Here in Mumbai (Bombay, India) it is hot and there are lots of young Israeli tourists around.

Gordon Brown has been in Mumbai talking about the need for a New World Order and praising the Neo Cons. (BBC NEWS Politics Brown wants a 'new world order')

And here in India, Israel is increasing its control.

India has just launched an Israeli sattelite. (India launches Israeli satellite- Hindustan Times)

And Israel seems to have lots of Mossad spies in India, some of them pretending to be Moslems.

According to an article once at aljazeera.com (Stranger Than Fiction: An Independent Investigation of the True … - Google Books Result)

In February of 2000, Indian intelligence officials detained 11 members of what they thought was an Al Qaeda hijacking conspiracy. It was then discovered that these 11 'Muslim preachers' were all Israeli nationals!

… India's leading weekly magazine, The Week, reported ( Aborted Mission Investigation: Did Mossad attempt to infiltrate … ):

"On January 12 Indian intelligence officials in Calcutta detained 11 foreign nationals for interrogation before they were to board a Dhaka-bound Bangladesh Biman flight…

The eleven had Israeli passports… 'They are Israeli nationals,' said a Central Intelligence official. He claimed that Tel Aviv 'exerted considerable pressure' on Delhi to secure their release…

It was Indian Intelligence that helped the U.S. to so quickly identify the '19 hijackers'! On April 3, 2002, Express India, quoting the Press Trust of India, revealed:

"Washington, April 3: Indian intelligence agencies helped the U.S. to identify the hijackers who carried out the deadly September 11 terrorist attacks in New York and Washington, a media report said here on Wednesday."

… Indian intelligence has an extremely close working relationship with Israel's Mossad because both governments hate the Muslim nation of Pakistan. (RAW & Mossad: The Secret Link)

How might Mossad have managed to increase racial tensions in India?

Narendra Modi is the chief minister of Gujarat (Bombay area). Reportedly he has used acts of terror against Moslems in order to increase his power.

Modi hopes his Bharatiya Janata Party will increase its power throughout India. ('Gujarat showed India the way')

Modi is a fan of Israel.

According to Zee News, 7 June 2006, "Gujarat and Israel can cooperate with each other in solving their water scarcity… says Gujarat Chief Minister Narendra Modi. Both Gujarat and Israel are 'divided by land but united by water', says Modi who was recently in the Jewish nation as part of the Indian delegation attending Agritech-2006." (Sunday, January 6 2008 GujaratFiles.net)

Photo from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Ahmedabad_riots1.jpg

The methods of Narendra Modi might appear to be similar to the methods of Israel's Mossad.

Modi appears to have been involved in acts of terror.

In October 2007, the investigative newsmagazine Tehelka reported on the Tehelka Gujarat riots sting :

1. Several Hindu nationalist (Sangh) leaders explain on camera how they planned a massive massacre of Moslems.

(http://www.tehelka.com/story_main35.asp?filename=Ne031107spycam_videos.asp)

2. The involvement of the Chief minister of Gujarat, Narendra Modi, is revealed.

3. The complicity of the police is revealed.

4. The connivance of the judiciary is revealed.


Frontline India ( Action replay) commented:

"Yet, no action has followed one of the most explosive news investigations in India.

"None of those caught on tape boasting about raping, burning and hacking Muslims have been arrested or even interrogated.

"Modi's authority has not been questioned.

"Instead, there is an eerie silence. Far more eerie than the cold-blooded murders of more than 1,000 innocent people during the communal massacres of March 2002.

"The role of the Modi government in the State-sponsored terrorism of 2002 is well documented. Even the Supreme Court had censured Modi for being 'a modern day Nero who watched while Gujarat burned'.

"Now, the Tehelka tapes offer irrefutable proof of how the Sangh (Hindu nationalists) organised a 'Hindu jihad' across Gujarat and protected the murderers."


If you liked this post, Dont forget to BOOKMARK it for others as well. Please CLICK your favorite SOCIAL BOOKMARKING ELEMENT:

StumpleUpon Ma.gnolia DiggIt! Del.icio.us Blinklist Yahoo Furl Technorati Simpy Spurl Reddit Google

Saturday, November 29, 2008

Sophisticated Attacks, but by Whom?

PARIS — A day after the terror attacks in Mumbai that killed over 100 people, one question remained as impenetrable as the smoke that still billowed from two of the city's landmark hotels: who carried out the attacks?

The Indian authorities say they captured some of the attackers, so some answers may emerge soon. But for now, their identities remain a mystery. Surviving witnesses recalled the gunmen as masked young men in unremarkable T-shirts and jeans, some heavily armed, wearing backpacks filled with weapons. The only claim of responsibility came from a group that may not even exist.

The assaults represented a marked departure in scope and ambition from other recent terrorist attacks in India, which have singled out local people rather than foreigners and hit single rather than multiple targets.

The Mumbai assault, by contrast, was seemed directed at foreigners, involved hostage taking and was aimed at multiple and highly symbolic targets.

Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh of India said the attacks probably had "external linkages," reflecting calculations among Indian officials that the level of planning, preparation and coordination could not have been achieved without help from experienced terrorists. But some security experts insisted the style of the attacks and the targets in Mumbai suggested the militants were likely to be Indian Muslims, with a domestic agenda.

The e-mail message taking responsibility that was sent to Indian media outlets on Wednesday night said the attackers were from a group called Deccan Mujahedeen. Deccan is a neighborhood of the Indian city of Hyderabad. The word also describes the middle and south of India, which is dominated by the Deccan Plateau. Mujahedeen is the commonly used Arabic word for holy fighters.

But security experts drew a blank on any such organization. Sajjan Gohel, a security expert in London, called it a "front name" and said the group was "nonexistent."

An Indian security official who spoke on condition of anonymity because he was not authorized to be identified said the name suggested ties to a group called Indian Mujahedeen, which has been implicated in a string of bombing attacks in India killing about 200 people this year alone.

On Sept. 15, an e-mail message published in Indian newspapers and said to have been sent by representatives of Indian Mujahedeen threatened potential "deadly attacks" in Mumbai. The message warned counterterrorism officials in the city that "you are already on our hit-list and this time very, very seriously."

Several high-ranking law enforcement officials, including the chief of the antiterrorism squad and a commissioner of police, were, indeed, reported killed in the attacks in Mumbai.

With relations long strained between India and Pakistan, particularly over the disputed territory of Kashmir, suspicions turned toward Al Qaeda or Pakistani militants. The Indian security official said the attackers likely had ties to Lashkar-e-Taiba, a guerrilla group run by Pakistani intelligence in the conflict with India in the disputed territory of Kashmir. On Thursday, the group denied involved in the Mumbai attacks. India also blamed Lashkar-e-Taiba for a suicide assault on its Parliament by gunmen in December 2001 that led to a perilous military standoff with Pakistan.

The Indian official also suggested the foot-soldiers in the attack might have emerged from an outlawed militant group of Islamic students. Photographs from security cameras showed some youthful attackers carrying assault rifles and smiling as they began the operation.

Christine Fair, senior political scientist and a South Asia expert at the RAND Corporation, was careful to say that the identity of the terrorists could not yet be known. But she pointed to India's domestic problems, and long tensions between Hindus, who make up about 80 percent of India's population of 1.13 billion, and Muslims, who make up 13.4 percent.

"There are a lot of very, very angry Muslims in India," Ms. Fair said. "The economic disparities are startling and India has been very slow to publicly embrace its rising Muslim problem. You cannot put lipstick on this pig. This is a major domestic political challenge for India.

"The public political face of India says, 'Our Muslims have not been radicalized,' she said. "But the Indian intelligence apparatus knows that's not true. India's Muslim communities are being sucked into the global landscape of Islamist jihad."

"Indians will have a strong incentive to link this to Al Qaeda," she said. "But this is a domestic issue. This is not India's 9/11."

Alan Cowell reported from Paris, and Souad Mekhennet from Frankfurt. Mark McDonald contributed reporting from Hong Kong, and Salman Masood from Islamabad, Pakistan.

By ALAN COWELL and SOUAD MEKHENNET

Published: November 27, 2008

Source: NewYork Times

If you liked this post, Dont forget to BOOKMARK it for others as well. Please CLICK your favorite SOCIAL BOOKMARKING ELEMENT:

StumpleUpon Ma.gnolia DiggIt! Del.icio.us Blinklist Yahoo Furl Technorati Simpy Spurl Reddit Google

Black Spitting Cobra

Spitting cobra






Spitting cobra refers to any one of several species of cobras that have the ability to spit or eject venom from their mouth when defending themselves against predators. The spit venom is harmless to intact skin. However, it can cause permanent blindness if introduced to the eye and left untreated (causing chemosis and corneal swelling).

Despite their name, these snakes do not actually spit their venom. They spray the venom, using muscular contractions upon the venom glands. These muscles squeeze the glands and force the venom out through forward facing holes at the tips of the fangs. As the venom leaves the fang tip, a large gust of air is expelled from the lung which aerosolizes the venom and propels it forward. When cornered, some species can "spit" their venom a distance as great as two meters. While spitting is typically their primary form of defense, all spitting cobras are capable of delivering venom through a bite as well. Most species' venom exhibit significant hemotoxic effects, along with more typical neurotoxic effects of other cobra species.

Species of the Black spitting cobras

This species is recognized in tree subspecies:

  1. Black-necked Spitting cobra (Naja nigricollis nigricollis)
  2. Black Spitting Cobra (Naja nigricollis woodi)
  3. Western Barred Spitting Cobra (Naja nigricollis nigricincta)

Colour

In colour the snake is slate to olive grey, olive or tawny brown above, with some or all scales black-edging. Below, salmon pink to yellowish, with black bars across the neck and ventrals speckled or edged with brown or black; young specimens sometimes have pink or yellow bars on the throat.

Length

Naja nigricollis nigricollis; This is the largest species and can measure a lenght of 120 -220 cm but specimens are known to grow up to 280 cm.

Naja nigricollis woodi; This species has a average length of 120 – 150 cm with a max. of 200 cm. Which makes this subspecies a medium size spitting cobra.

Naja nigricollis nigricinta; Is the smallest subspecies of these cobras with a average length of 100 – 120 cm with a max of 150 cm.


Distribution

Naja nigricollis nigricollis;
Eastern Africa , Western and eastern Kenya ,wide spread in Uganda , South-western Africa , Tanzenia , Rwanda , Burundi , Senegal and Namibia
.

Naja nigricollis woodi;
South Africa Cape province, Western and central Namibia .

Naja nigricollis nigricincta;
Central and Northern Namibia probably in South Angola .

Habitat

Naja nigricollis nigricollis;
This subspecies lives in savanna regions and semi-dessert. They can be found on heights up to 1800 m. They also live in coastal scrubs and dry grassland. They hide in termite mountains and abundant rodent holes, but also hollow trees and trunks are favorit hiding place. This subspecies is nocturnal.
Its often found in human surrounding hunting for pest animals like rats and mice. This species is also a good climber and is often found in trees.

Naja nigricollis woodi;
This species can be found in rocky area and mountains they are often found nearby permanent water holes. They hide in rock outcrops and is pretty rare and not often seen.

Naja nigricollis nigricincta;
This species is also nocturnal and can be found in semi dessert and dry savanna regions. In the morning can they be found basking nearby there hiding places that are mostly termite mounts and abundant rodent holes.


Toxicology

Common Name

Family:

Genus:

Species:

Snake bite Links

Natural Habitat of the Spitting Cobra - Black (N. nigricollis)

Black Spitting Cobra

Elapidae

Naja

nigricollis

toxinology.com, Eye First aid

EMBL, Snakes of SA, Cape Nature


Venom type

Time Critical

Danger level

Main symptoms

Hospital Equipment

Cytotoxic & Neurotoxic

Urgent

Potentially lethal

Local pain, swelling, blistering, necrosis ± flaccid paralysis

Electrocardiogram, respiratory assistance


Diet

This cobra's diet mainly consists of amphibians, other snakes, birds, eggs, small mammals, and even insects occasionally.

Habits

This snake is a nervous and highly strung snake. When confronted at close quarters this snake can rear up to as much as two-thirds of its length, spread its long narrow hood and will readily "spit" in defense, usually from a reared-up position. By doing this the venom can be ejected at a distance of 2-3 metres (5½ - 8¼ feet), with remarkable accuracy. The spitting cobra does not often actually bite despite its aggressive behaviour, and also shares the same habit of feigning death to avoid further molestation.

The average length of adults is between 900mm - 1,050mm (2½-3 feet), but largest specimen actually measured was a male 1,442mm (4 feet) long. (Trelawney, Zimbabwe)

When in a confined area like a tube the reptile will bite instead of spit. This is due to its aggressiveness.







Captive Behaviour
(only Naja nigricollis nigricollis)


Black-necked Spitting cobras can be very pleasant animals to keep captive bred specimens are often pretty docile in captivity but wild catch adults are furious spitters and shy animals to keep. Depending on the day temperature are day diurnal or nocturnal. In day time they often bask or hide in the enclosure at night they crawl around searching for food. Black-necked Spitting cobra are large snakes that need to be kept in fairly large enclosures to keep them happy. Handling them is fairly easy by the tailing technique or locking them in a hide box.

Feeding

Captive bred specimens can be easily fed with rodents like mice and rats also chicks will be accepted often dead or alive. Wild catched animals can often give problems in feeding especially when the snakes come out of a region were they ate mainly frogs and lizards. In the wild do they eat almost everything depending on the place where they live.

Enclosure

Black-necked Spitting Cobras are large and active snakes that need a large enclosure to crawl and climb around the size for a pair of these snakes should be 120 x 50 x 50 cm (length x height x wide). As a substrate we can use river sand, gravel or henna chips. As decoration we can use rocks, trunks, and plastic plants for hiding. Even when this snakes lives in a dry habitat do they like a large water bowl to take a bath. The average temperature in the enclosure should be 25-320C in daytime and at night 22-250C, the humidity most be around 60%.

Reproduction

In the wild is mating season at end of winter or beginning of summer and the babies hatch from the eggs in April and may. The eggs average 10 to 22 in number, hatchlings measure 230-250mm.
It is said that both the parents stay together to brood the eggs. The incubation period is about 88 days. The newly hatched cobras are armed with fangs and venom glands.

Breeding in Captivity

This season is often also the mating season in captivity but some snakes start mating in February or march and after a gestation period of 90 – 100 days does the female lay 10-24 eggs the eggs will hatch after 60-70 days and the baies are at birth 20-25 cm in length. The eggs need to be hatched on a temperature of 28-300C.

First Aid to Victims

First aid treatment for Spitting cobras

The first lesson is "Rubbing the eyes will do a lot more harm than good"

A proper first aid treatment is rinse the eyes with large quantities of water or any other harmless fluid like a cold drink, milk or even beer. Do never try to neutralize the venom but rather to flush it from the eyes. Wipe any venom on the face away from the eyes. After this we need to seek medical advice, because it might be necessary to rinse the eyes by doctor with a serum dilution. In a normal way the eyes should recover fully in three or four days. Without a first aid treatment and no doctor visit the venom may cause partial blindness.

Venom

General: Venom Neurotoxins
Postsynaptic neurotoxins

General: Venom Myotoxins
Probably not present

General: Venom Procoagulants
Probably not present

General: Venom Anticoagulants
Probably not present

General: Venom Haemorrhagins
Probably not present

General: Venom Nephrotoxins
Probably not present

General: Venom Cardiotoxins
Possibly present

General: Venom Necrotoxins
Present but not defined

General: Venom Other
Not present or not significant




Clinical Effects

General: Dangerousness
Severe envenoming possible, potentially lethal

General: Rate of Envenoming: Unknown but likely to be high

General: Untreated Lethality Rate: Unknown but lethal potential cannot be excluded

General: Local Effects
Marked local effects; pain, severe swelling, bruising, blistering, necrosis

General: Local Necrosis
Common, moderate to severe

General: General Systemic Effects
Variable non-specific effects which may include headache, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhoea, dizziness, collapse or convulsions

General: Neurotoxic Paralysis
May cause moderate to severe flaccid paralysis

General: Myotoxicity
Does not occur, based on current clinical evidence

General: Coagulopathy & Haemorrhages
Does not occur, based on current clinical evidence

General: Renal Damage
Rare, usually secondary effect

General: Cardiotoxicity
Rare, usually secondary

General: Other
These snakes can spit their venom, causing venom spit ophthalmia.




First Aid

Description: First aid for bites by Elapid snakes which are likely to cause significant local damage at the bite site as their major clinical effect. This includes venom spat into eyes by spitting cobras.

Details
Section 1: General first aid (for first aid of venom spit ophthalmia (venom in eyes) see Section 2 below).
1. After ensuring the patient and onlookers have moved out of range of further strikes by the snake, the bitten person should be reassured and persuaded to lie down and remain still. Many will be terrified, fearing sudden death and, in this mood, they may behave irrationally or even hysterically. The basis for reassurance is the fact that many venomous bites do not result in envenoming, the relatively slow progression to severe envenoming (hours following elapid bites, days following viper bites) and the effectiveness of modern medical treatment.
2. The bite wound should not be tampered with in any way. Wiping it once with a damp cloth to remove surface venom is unlikely to do much harm (or good) but the wound must not be massaged.
3. All rings or other jewellery on the bitten limb, especially on fingers, should be removed, as they may act as tourniquets if oedema develops.
4. The bitten limb should be immobilised as effectively as possible using an extemporised splint or sling; if available, crepe bandaging of the splinted limb is an effective form of immobilisation.
5. If there is any impairment of vital functions, such as problems with respiration, airway, circulation, heart function, these must be supported as a priority. In particular, for bites causing flaccid paralysis, including respiratory paralysis, both airway and respiration may be impaired, requiring urgent and prolonged treatment, which may include the mouth to mask (mouth to mouth) technique of expired air transfer. Seek urgent medical attention.
6. Do not use Tourniquets, cut, suck or scarify the wound or apply chemicals or electric shock.
7. Avoid peroral intake, absolutely no alcohol. No sedatives outside hospital. If there will be considerable delay before reaching medical aid, measured in several hours to days, then give clear fluids by mouth to prevent dehydration.
8. If the offending snake has been killed it should be brought with the patient for identification (only relevant in areas where there are more than one naturally occurring venomous snake species), but be careful to avoid touching the head, as even a dead snake can envenom. No attempt should be made to pursue the snake into the undergrowth as this will risk further bites.
9. The snakebite victim should be transported as quickly and as passively as possible to the nearest place where they can be seen by a medically-trained person (health station, dispensary, clinic or hospital). The bitten limb must not be exercised as muscular contraction will promote systemic absorption of venom. If no motor vehicle or boat is available, the patient can be carried on a stretcher or hurdle, on the pillion or crossbar of a bicycle or on someone's back.
10. Most traditional, and many of the more recently fashionable, first aid measures are useless and potentially dangerous. These include local cauterization, incision, excision, amputation, suction by mouth, vacuum pump or syringe, combined incision and suction ("venom-ex" apparatus), injection or instillation of compounds such as potassium permanganate, phenol (carbolic soap) and trypsin, application of electric shocks or ice (cryotherapy), use of traditional herbal, folk and other remedies including the ingestion of emetic plant products and parts of the snake, multiple incisions, tattooing and so on.







Section 2: First aid for venom spit ophthalmia.
1. Venom coming into contact with eyes can cause intense conjunctivitis with a risk of corneal erosions, complicated by secondary infection, anterior uveitis and even permanent blindness. All this can occur following venom spat into the eyes from a spitting cobra.
2. Irrigate the eye or other affected mucous membrane as soon as possible using large volumes of water or any other available bland fluid. Never use chemical solutions or petroleum products such as petrol or kerosene. Milk is soothing and can be used, or in an emergency beer or urine are possibilities. Keep irrigating the eyes, hold them under a slowly running tap for a several minutes, while opening the eyelids and rotating the eyeball. The eye will be very painful, so patience, tact and reassurance are needed.
3. The eye should be bandaged using a pad over the eye and dark glasses worn.
4. Don''t let the victim rub the eye.
5. Seek urgent medical attention




Treatment

Treatment Summary
Potentially severe bites, with both local tissue damage and paralysis. Admit all cases. Support impaired respiration. Good wound care essential. Avoid unnecessary surgery. For cases with paralytic features or major local effects, IV antivenom is appropriate.

Key Diagnostic Features
Local pain, swelling, blistering, necrosis ± flaccid paralysis

General Approach to Management
All cases should be treated as urgent & potentially lethal. Rapid assessment & commencement of treatment including appropriate antivenom (if indicated & available) is mandatory. Admit all cases.

Antivenom Therapy
Antivenom is the key treatment for systemic envenoming. Multiple doses may be required.




1. Antivenom Code: SAsRII03


Antivenom Name: Naja Antivenom

Manufacturer: Razi Serum & Vaccine Research Institute

Phone: ++98-21-311-9708

Address: P.O. Box 31975/148
Hessarak-Karadj

Country: I.R. Iran



2. Antivenom Code: SAfAVC03


Antivenom Name: Bivalent Naja / Walterinnesia Snake Antivenom

Manufacturer: National Antivenom and Vaccine Production Centre

Phone: ++966-1-252-0088

Address: P.O. Box 22490
11426 Riyadh

Country: Saudi Arabia


Important Notice for First Aid treatment


The principle aim of the First Aid listed above is to provide information useful to improving outcomes for humans suffering from envenoming or poisoning by animals. A reasonable attempt is made by the first Aid treatment website to verify accuracy of information listed on their site. However, we cannot access every published paper of potential relevance, either because they are not available to us or are in a language we cannot translate internally. Equally, we cannot list knowledge which is not yet reported or known. It should not be assumed that humankind currently knows all there is to know about any species, even for common species. Further, we cannot control how users will interpret the information provided on this site. We therefore do not accept legal responsibility for use of the information provided and we require that all users use information from this site at their own risk.
The following should also be noted when reading information contained within the databases on the original website: italics for scientific nomenclature cannot be displayed, and superscripting and subscripting is absent in some instances.

Source: KingSnake.com , Toxinology.com, ReptilePets.co.za, Wolfgang Wuster, Maik Dobiey , Google Images & Wikipedia

Pics of Snake killed at our camp






Eastern Hognose Snake is also sometimes thought to be a cobra, further reading link on Eastern Hognose Snake=

http://herpcenter.ipfw.edu/index.htm?http://herpcenter.ipfw.edu/outreach/accounts/reptiles/snakes/E_hognose_snake/index.htm&2

http://www.snakesandfrogs.com/scra/snakes/ehognos.htm
http://www.hognose.com/
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hognose
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lLU7FlhaNgU

If you liked this post, Dont forget to BOOKMARK it for others as well. Please CLICK your favorite SOCIAL BOOKMARKING ELEMENT:

StumpleUpon Ma.gnolia DiggIt! Del.icio.us Blinklist Yahoo Furl Technorati Simpy Spurl Reddit Google

Friday, November 28, 2008

Prime Suspects = Home-grown militants

Raid involving the taking of hostages suggests only marginal link to al-Qaida

The Mumbai attacks are unique in the history of recent violent militancy, Islamist or otherwise. As Indian security agencies race to work out who was behind them they will be negotiating a maze of conflicting clues.

A group calling itself the Deccan Mujahideen claimed the operation. The name indicates a local group - the Deccan is the central Indian plateau - and a probable link to the Indian Mujahideen who started a bloody bombing campaign a year ago.

It is this group, too, that threatened the people of Mumbai with "deadly attacks" two months ago and has credibly claimed responsibility for the series of attacks in recent months.

Its texts are full of references to early Islamic history and key thinkers who are characteristic of modern jihadist ideology. In the local version of the global Islamist militant discourse, the Crusader-Zionist alliance has been expanded to become the Hindu-Crusader-Zionist alliance.

Most analysts believe the Deccan Mujahideen is a loose and fragmented movement of Indian Muslims, often young and well-educated. A similar phenomenon has been seen from Indonesia to Morocco.

If there is a link to al-Qaida it seems likely that it would be ideological rather than organisational, though this will take some time to become clear.

Certainly, the style of the attack - more a mass guerrilla assault on a series of soft targets in a major city than the standard spectacular and suicidal blasts that we have become associated with strikes linked closely to the al-Qaida hardcore - seems to indicate a group that is at best an affiliate of Osama bin Laden's organisation.

Hotels have frequently been a target, but the use of boats - the attackers arrived in Mumbai in inflatable boats - is rare. An exception was the strike on the American warship the USS Cole in 2000.

Hostage-taking, too, is not a usual feature of core al-Qaida attacks, nor the targeting of theatres. The mass assault has been seen before, in Saudi Arabia in 2004, but the guns and grenade style is more reminiscent of operations of militant groups in Kashmir (and elsewhere in India), or more recently in Afghanistan. Tourism has also been targeted elsewhere, notably in Indonesia and Egypt.

Putting together this jumble of tactics and the targeting of an Orthodox Jewish centre and the apparent singling out of UK and US citizens would seem to indicate a homegrown Indian Islamic militant outfit, though with al-Qaida's continual evolution it is difficult to be sure.

New Delhi reflexively blames Islamabad for any such activism - perhaps with good reason following its experience in Kashmir during the 1990s.

Last night, when asked about reports that the attacks could have been planned in Pakistan, Lord Malloch-Brown of the Foreign Office told the BBC : "We are hearing the same things as you are about some Pakistan connection, but we devoutly hope it is not true."

Indian diplomatic sources yesterday spoke of groups such as Lashkar-e-Taiba or Jaish-e-Mohammedi, both based in the Pakistani province of Punjab, as potential suspects. One source recalled the bombing of the Indian embassy in Kabul in July, an attack which both US and Indian officials linked to Jalaluddin Haqqani, an Afghan militant chief with a longstanding relationship with Islamabad's spy agencies.

The Kabul attack, the raid on the Indian parliament in 2001, the Pakistan-provoked war in Kargil in 1999 and the Mumbai atrocity occurred during periods of relative detente between the neighbours.

However, experts said they had never heard of the Deccan Mujahideen, and suggested that the radical Students Islamic Movement of India (Simi) might have been behind the Mumbai attacks.

One hint to the inspiration of the attackers is a theological point. Whereas in the Middle East suicide bombers play the main role in attacks, in Kashmir militants see themselves as fedayeen: those who risk death but do not kill themselves, which could be seen as attempting to usurp God's will. The Mumbai attackers seem to fall into the latter category.

The "external links" mentioned by the Indian prime minister, Manmohan Singh, could mean Pakistan or al-Qaida, a no doubt intentional ambiguity.

Even if it there is some involvement, rogue or otherwise, by the Pakistani security establishment, autonomous Pakistani jihadi groups or a more direct link to al-Qaida, it will have been alienated and angry young Indian Muslims who heeded the call to arms.

Jason Burke

The Guardian, Friday November 28 2008


 


 

Who could have done it?

Deccan Mujahideen
Six hours after the attack, Indian media received an email from this unknown group, claiming responsibility. Experts are sceptical. An Indian news channel reported the email's sender was traced to Russia.

Indian Mujahideen
Recent bomb attacks on cities including Ahmedabad and Delhi were thought to be this group's work. But analysts believe the IM does not have the resources to conduct the Mumbai operation alone.

Crime syndicates
Mumbai's most notorious crime boss, Dawood Ibrahim, has been accused of masterminding the March 1993 blasts in Mumbai. At that time he lived in Dubai, but later moved to Karachi. Indian intelligence alleges he is holed up in the Pashtun tribal areas of Pakistan.

Pakistani terror groups
Al-Qaida-linked Lashkar-e-Taiba has been active in fighting Indian security forces in Kashmir since 1993. In the past, LeT was alleged to have close links with Pakistan's Inter-Services Intelligence agency. But from what is known so far, few believe Pakistan played a role in the Mumbai attacks.
Maseeh Rahman


 

If you liked this post, Dont forget to BOOKMARK it for others as well. Please CLICK your favorite SOCIAL BOOKMARKING ELEMENT:

StumpleUpon Ma.gnolia DiggIt! Del.icio.us Blinklist Yahoo Furl Technorati Simpy Spurl Reddit Google

Contact Me or Subscribe to my posts

Click to Join my FaceBook Blog Group Page

If you want to send a quick message to me, please click

To Subscribe to my posts, please choose:

Search my Blog for posts that are of interest to you...results will be displayed below

Custom Search

Here are the Results, if you seached for a post

Blog Archive

About Me

My photo
Dubai, DXB, United Arab Emirates

Washington, USA

Western Europe Time (GMT)

Dubai

Pakistan

Australia